iSALE - 4. 例. 二層標的のクレータリング Diff
- Added parts are displayed like this.
- Deleted parts are displayed
like this.
== 強度の異なるターゲットへの衝突がクレーター形成過程に及ぼす影響
2層標的の例として,地球環境における海洋衝突を計算した.
条件は下記の通り.
* 衝突天体サイズ:1 km
* 衝突速度:15 km/s
* ターゲット層物質:水,炭酸塩岩
* 水層の厚さ:100 m, 200 m, 500 m, 1000 m
===innput file例
==== asteroid.inp
#ISINP
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--- this is the new input file used by iSALE versions of v7.0 and higher
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------- General Model Info ---------------------------------
VERSION __DO NOT MODIFY__ : 4.1
DIMENSION dimension of input file : 2
PATH Data file path : ./
MODEL Modelname : 2layers_earth
------------------- Mesh Geometry Parameters ---------------------------
GRIDH horizontal cells : 0 : 500 : 60
GRIDV vertical cells : 60 : 500 : 60
GRIDEXT ext. factor : 1.05d0
GRIDSPC grid spacing : 2.5D0
CYL Cylind. geometry : 1.0D0
GRIDSPCM max. grid spacing : -20.D0
------------------- Global setup parameters -----------------------------
S_TYPE setup type : DEFAULT
T_SURF Surface temp : 293.D0
GRAV_V gravity : -9.81D0
------------------- Projectile ("Object") Parameters --------------------
OBJNUM number of objects : 1
OBJRESH CPPR horizontal : 20
OBJVEL object velocity : -1.5D4
OBJMAT object material : granite
OBJTYPE object type : SPHEROID
------------------- Target Parameters ----------------------------------
LAYNUM layers number : 2
LAYPOS layer position : 410 : 450
LAYMAT layer material : calcite : water__
LAYTPROF thermal profile : CONST : CONST
------------------- Time Parameters ------------------------------------
DT initial time increment : 5.0D-3
DTMAX maximum timestep : 5.D-2
TEND end time : 1.00D2
DTSAVE save interval : 1.D-2
------------------- Ac. Fluid. Parameters (see also material.inp) ------
--TOFF toff : 16.D0
--CVIB c_vib : 0.1D0
--VIB_MAX Max. vib.vel. : 200.
------------------- Boundary Condition Parameters ----------------------
--------------- 0=no slip,1=free slip, 2=cont.outflow ------------------
BND_L left : FREESLIP
BND_R right : FREESLIP
BND_B bottom : NOSLIP
BND_T top : OUTFLOW
------------------- Numerical Stability Parameters ---------------------
AVIS art. visc. linear : 0.24D0
AVIS2 art. visc. quad. : 1.20D0
------------------- Tracer Particle Parameters -------------------------
--- if TR_SAVE == 1, only Trx and Try are automatically added to
--- the variable list. If additional variables shall be calculated
--- and stored, you have to set them in 'Tracer fields'.
-------- TR_NX/NY is the number of tracers in x/y-direction
------- TR_DX/DY is the interval between tracers (usually the same as dx/dy)
TR_QUAL integration qual. : 1
TR_SPCH tracer spacing X : -2.D0 : -2.D0 : -2.D0
TR_SPCV tracer spacing Y : -2.D0 : -2.D0 : -2.D0
TR_VAR add. tracer fiels : #TrP-TrT#
------------------- Control parameters (global) ------------------------
STRESS Consider stress : 1
------------------- Data Saving Parameters -----------------------------
QUALITY Compression rate : 80
VARLIST List of variables : #Den-Tmp-Pre-Sie-Yld-YAc-Dam-VEL#
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<END
==== material.inp
#ISMAT ! iSale material input file identification string
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
MATNAME Material name : granite : calcite : water__
EOSNAME EOS name : granit2 : calcite : water__
EOSTYPE EOS type : aneos : aneos : tillo
STRMOD Strength model : ROCK : ROCK : HYDRO
DAMMOD Damage model : IVANOV : IVANOV : NONE
ACFL Acoustic fluidisation : BLOCK : BLOCK : NONE
PORMOD Porosity model : NONE : NONE : NONE
THSOFT Thermal softening : OHNAKA : OHNAKA : NONE
LDWEAK Low density weakening : POLY : POLY : NONE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
POIS pois : 3.0000D-01 : 3.0000D-01 : 5.0000D-01
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TMELT0 tmelt0 : 1.6730D+03 : 1.5000D+03 : xxxxxxxxxx
CHEAT C_heat : 1.0000D+03 : 1.0000D+03 : 1.0000D+03
TFRAC tfrac : 1.2000D+00 : 1.2000D+00 : xxxxxxxxxx
ASIMON a_simon : 6.0000D+09 : 6.0000D+09 : xxxxxxxxxx
CSIMON c_simon : 3.0000D+00 : 3.0000D+00 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
YDAM0 ydam0 (ycoh) : 1.0000D+04 : 1.0000D+04 : xxxxxxxxxx
FRICDAM fricdam : 6.0000D-01 : 4.0000D-01 : xxxxxxxxxx
YLIMDAM ylimdam : 2.5000D+09 : 5.0000D+08 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
YINT0 yint0 : 1.0000D+07 : 5.0000D+06 : xxxxxxxxxx
FRICINT fricint : 2.0000D+00 : 1.0000D+00 : xxxxxxxxxx
YLIMINT ylimint : 2.5000D+09 : 5.0000D+08 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
IVANOV_A Damage parameter : 1.0000D-04 : 1.0000D-04 : xxxxxxxxxx
IVANOV_B Damage parameter : 1.0000D-11 : 1.0000D-11 : xxxxxxxxxx
IVANOV_C Damage parameter : 3.0000D+08 : 3.0000D+08 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
GAMETA gam_eta : 8.0000D-03 : 0.0000D-03 : xxxxxxxxxx
GAMBETA gam_beta : 1.1500D+02 : 0.0000D+02 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VISC viscosity : xxxxxxxxxx : xxxxxxxxxx : 0.0000D+00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<END ! used to identify the end of this file
=== 計算結果
いくつかの特徴的なキャビティ成長の静止画(.png)と動画(.gif)を次に示す.
* 左:密度,右:温度
==== 水深100 m
{{attach_view(wat100_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat100_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat100_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_100.gif)}}
==== 水深200 m
{{attach_view(wat200_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat200_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat200_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_200.gif)}}
==== 水深500 m
{{attach_view(wat500_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat500_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat500_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_500.gif)}}
==== 水深1000 m
{{attach_view(wat1000_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat1000_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat1000_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_1000.gif)}}
===コメント
* 水深が衝突体天体サイズと同程度 (100 m)
* 一層ターゲットの場合と類似
* 水深が衝突体天体サイズの2倍 (200 m)
* 水と炭酸塩岩のキャビティの成長が異なる
* 水層:垂直なイジェクタカーテン
* 炭酸塩岩層:水のキャビティの成長後に遅れて炭酸塩岩層のイジェクタカーテンの広がりとともにキャビティが成長
* 水深が衝突体天体サイズと同程度 (500 m, 1000 m)
* 炭酸塩岩層のキャビティがほとんど形成しない
* 水のキャビティ成長はこれまでと類似
* 衝突天体成分のターゲットへの埋め込みが見られる.(500 mでの計算例の6 s の図)
キャビティの形状や遷移が他の衝突流体コード(SOVA)を用いた研究[1,2]の計算結果と調和的.
* 参考文献
((<[1] *((<[1] Shuvalov and Trubestkaya (2002) SSR|URL:>))
((<[2]SSR|URL:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1020467522340>))
*((<[2] Wunnemann et al. (2010) Reviews of Geophysics|URL:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009RG000308/abstract>))
2層標的の例として,地球環境における海洋衝突を計算した.
条件は下記の通り.
* 衝突天体サイズ:1 km
* 衝突速度:15 km/s
* ターゲット層物質:水,炭酸塩岩
* 水層の厚さ:100 m, 200 m, 500 m, 1000 m
===innput file例
==== asteroid.inp
#ISINP
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--- this is the new input file used by iSALE versions of v7.0 and higher
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------- General Model Info ---------------------------------
VERSION __DO NOT MODIFY__ : 4.1
DIMENSION dimension of input file : 2
PATH Data file path : ./
MODEL Modelname : 2layers_earth
------------------- Mesh Geometry Parameters ---------------------------
GRIDH horizontal cells : 0 : 500 : 60
GRIDV vertical cells : 60 : 500 : 60
GRIDEXT ext. factor : 1.05d0
GRIDSPC grid spacing : 2.5D0
CYL Cylind. geometry : 1.0D0
GRIDSPCM max. grid spacing : -20.D0
------------------- Global setup parameters -----------------------------
S_TYPE setup type : DEFAULT
T_SURF Surface temp : 293.D0
GRAV_V gravity : -9.81D0
------------------- Projectile ("Object") Parameters --------------------
OBJNUM number of objects : 1
OBJRESH CPPR horizontal : 20
OBJVEL object velocity : -1.5D4
OBJMAT object material : granite
OBJTYPE object type : SPHEROID
------------------- Target Parameters ----------------------------------
LAYNUM layers number : 2
LAYPOS layer position : 410 : 450
LAYMAT layer material : calcite : water__
LAYTPROF thermal profile : CONST : CONST
------------------- Time Parameters ------------------------------------
DT initial time increment : 5.0D-3
DTMAX maximum timestep : 5.D-2
TEND end time : 1.00D2
DTSAVE save interval : 1.D-2
------------------- Ac. Fluid. Parameters (see also material.inp) ------
--TOFF toff : 16.D0
--CVIB c_vib : 0.1D0
--VIB_MAX Max. vib.vel. : 200.
------------------- Boundary Condition Parameters ----------------------
--------------- 0=no slip,1=free slip, 2=cont.outflow ------------------
BND_L left : FREESLIP
BND_R right : FREESLIP
BND_B bottom : NOSLIP
BND_T top : OUTFLOW
------------------- Numerical Stability Parameters ---------------------
AVIS art. visc. linear : 0.24D0
AVIS2 art. visc. quad. : 1.20D0
------------------- Tracer Particle Parameters -------------------------
--- if TR_SAVE == 1, only Trx and Try are automatically added to
--- the variable list. If additional variables shall be calculated
--- and stored, you have to set them in 'Tracer fields'.
-------- TR_NX/NY is the number of tracers in x/y-direction
------- TR_DX/DY is the interval between tracers (usually the same as dx/dy)
TR_QUAL integration qual. : 1
TR_SPCH tracer spacing X : -2.D0 : -2.D0 : -2.D0
TR_SPCV tracer spacing Y : -2.D0 : -2.D0 : -2.D0
TR_VAR add. tracer fiels : #TrP-TrT#
------------------- Control parameters (global) ------------------------
STRESS Consider stress : 1
------------------- Data Saving Parameters -----------------------------
QUALITY Compression rate : 80
VARLIST List of variables : #Den-Tmp-Pre-Sie-Yld-YAc-Dam-VEL#
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<END
==== material.inp
#ISMAT ! iSale material input file identification string
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
MATNAME Material name : granite : calcite : water__
EOSNAME EOS name : granit2 : calcite : water__
EOSTYPE EOS type : aneos : aneos : tillo
STRMOD Strength model : ROCK : ROCK : HYDRO
DAMMOD Damage model : IVANOV : IVANOV : NONE
ACFL Acoustic fluidisation : BLOCK : BLOCK : NONE
PORMOD Porosity model : NONE : NONE : NONE
THSOFT Thermal softening : OHNAKA : OHNAKA : NONE
LDWEAK Low density weakening : POLY : POLY : NONE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
POIS pois : 3.0000D-01 : 3.0000D-01 : 5.0000D-01
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TMELT0 tmelt0 : 1.6730D+03 : 1.5000D+03 : xxxxxxxxxx
CHEAT C_heat : 1.0000D+03 : 1.0000D+03 : 1.0000D+03
TFRAC tfrac : 1.2000D+00 : 1.2000D+00 : xxxxxxxxxx
ASIMON a_simon : 6.0000D+09 : 6.0000D+09 : xxxxxxxxxx
CSIMON c_simon : 3.0000D+00 : 3.0000D+00 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
YDAM0 ydam0 (ycoh) : 1.0000D+04 : 1.0000D+04 : xxxxxxxxxx
FRICDAM fricdam : 6.0000D-01 : 4.0000D-01 : xxxxxxxxxx
YLIMDAM ylimdam : 2.5000D+09 : 5.0000D+08 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
YINT0 yint0 : 1.0000D+07 : 5.0000D+06 : xxxxxxxxxx
FRICINT fricint : 2.0000D+00 : 1.0000D+00 : xxxxxxxxxx
YLIMINT ylimint : 2.5000D+09 : 5.0000D+08 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
IVANOV_A Damage parameter : 1.0000D-04 : 1.0000D-04 : xxxxxxxxxx
IVANOV_B Damage parameter : 1.0000D-11 : 1.0000D-11 : xxxxxxxxxx
IVANOV_C Damage parameter : 3.0000D+08 : 3.0000D+08 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
GAMETA gam_eta : 8.0000D-03 : 0.0000D-03 : xxxxxxxxxx
GAMBETA gam_beta : 1.1500D+02 : 0.0000D+02 : xxxxxxxxxx
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VISC viscosity : xxxxxxxxxx : xxxxxxxxxx : 0.0000D+00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<END ! used to identify the end of this file
=== 計算結果
いくつかの特徴的なキャビティ成長の静止画(.png)と動画(.gif)を次に示す.
* 左:密度,右:温度
==== 水深100 m
{{attach_view(wat100_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat100_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat100_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_100.gif)}}
==== 水深200 m
{{attach_view(wat200_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat200_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat200_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_200.gif)}}
==== 水深500 m
{{attach_view(wat500_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat500_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat500_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_500.gif)}}
==== 水深1000 m
{{attach_view(wat1000_00000.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat1000_00400.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat1000_00600.png)}}
{{attach_view(wat_car_1000.gif)}}
===コメント
* 水深が衝突体天体サイズと同程度 (100 m)
* 一層ターゲットの場合と類似
* 水深が衝突体天体サイズの2倍 (200 m)
* 水と炭酸塩岩のキャビティの成長が異なる
* 水層:垂直なイジェクタカーテン
* 炭酸塩岩層:水のキャビティの成長後に遅れて炭酸塩岩層のイジェクタカーテンの広がりとともにキャビティが成長
* 水深が衝突体天体サイズと同程度 (500 m, 1000 m)
* 炭酸塩岩層のキャビティがほとんど形成しない
* 水のキャビティ成長はこれまでと類似
* 衝突天体成分のターゲットへの埋め込みが見られる.(500 mでの計算例の6 s の図)
キャビティの形状や遷移が他の衝突流体コード(SOVA)を用いた研究[1,2]の計算結果と調和的.
* 参考文献
((<[2]
*((<[2] Wunnemann et al. (2010) Reviews of Geophysics|URL:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009RG000308/abstract>))